apt-get update
apt-get install netplan.io

vi /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

示例：

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0f0:
      addresses:
        - 216.106.180.7/32
      routes:
        - on-link: true
          to: 0.0.0.0/0
          via: 216.106.180.1
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 1.1.1.1
          - 2606:4700:4700::1111
          - 8.8.8.8
          - 2001:4860:4860::8888

chmod 600 /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

debian 11/12 默认运行 networking 服务，需要启用 systemd-networkd 并应用 Netplan 配置。

systemctl enable --now systemd-networkd
netplan generate
netplan apply

为了避免冲突，建议在确认 Netplan 工作正常后，注释掉 /etc/network/interfaces 中的相关网卡配置，或直接卸载旧工具：

apt-get purge ifupdown